Jasmine is a flowering plant belonging to the Maslinnov family. This culture is found in the tropics and subtropics of Africa, Australia and Asia.
Description
The species of this plant can be evergreen, deciduous shrubs or vines. Leaves - simple, triple or pinnate. Flowers are star-shaped, with white, yellow, pink corolla, are single, or collected in inflorescences. They are located at the top or side of the plant. Jasmine is often confused with chubushnik because of the similar aroma of flowers. But the garden mock-up is a shrub belonging to the Gortenziev family.
Types of Jasmine for Home
In the genus of jasmine, there are more than 300 species. In room conditions, you can grow only a few.
| View | Description | Flowering period |
| Multi-flowered | Slightly branching shrub about 2 m. The leaves are dark green oval-pointed in shape, have a wavy edge. At the top of each stem is an inflorescence consisting of a large number of flowers. The buds are pink, white when opened. Strong smell. | February - August |
| Large flowered | Evergreen shrub vine with bare shoots. Grows up to 10 m. Leaves oppositely located. An umbrella inflorescence is located at the top of the stem, includes 10 or more white flowers of a fabulous aroma (used to make tea). | June - October |
| Bis | Evergreen shrub (grows up to 2 m). Lanceolate dark green leaves reach 5 cm. They are located opposite each other. At the top of the shoot are inflorescences with pink flowers, from light to dark shades, of a rather large size. It has a rich aroma. | May |
| Sambac (Indian, Arabic or Arabian) | Unpretentious. A long liana can reach 6 m. With thin shoots and large leaves of an ovoid shape and white flowers resembling camellia or semi-double roses. | March - October |
| Blueflower | Weakly deciduous deciduous shrub with long branches and small green leaves, triple-shaped. The flowers are quite large, saturated yellow hue. They are located singly along the entire length of the shoots. | January - April |
| Primrose | A fast-growing vine, the thin shoots of which need support. Semi-double flowers of a yellow shade. It is odorless. | May June |
| Malagascar | Indoor liana with dark green oval leaves (10cm). Flowers - white stars, collected in inflorescences. Can also have shades of cream, yellow and purple. It has a pleasant aroma. The juice secreted by this vine is poisonous and can cause skin irritation. | June August. But with good care, additional lighting and the right temperature, it can bloom in winter. |
Home indoor jasmine care
The tropical plant is finicky. This shrub, which does not tolerate temperature changes and cold, is able to grow only at home, can not survive in the open air in our latitudes. Caring for jasmine should be very thorough.
Temperature
For indoor jasmine during flowering (spring and summer), the average temperature is comfortable - from + 21 ... +26 °C. A sharp cold snap can be harmful, but at +15°C jasmine will not only halt development, but may even die.
In the winter season, when the plant is resting, it is recommended to place it in a colder room at a temperature of +11°C to +13°C, otherwise flowering will not take place. To push jasmine to this, experienced growers are advised to inflict a temperature shock on him, placing them in cooler conditions for a while at high humidity. As a result of such a shake, the bush blooms pretty soon. A different reaction to wintering is due to jasmine species. Sambac is considered a heat-loving variety.
At the stage of respite from flowering, the plant suffices +18°C. The attitude of the vine to drafts is extremely negative. Ventilate the room with a flower should be carried out very carefully.
Lighting requirements
Jasmine does not tolerate shade and artificial lighting. He prefers a sufficient amount of diffused sunlight, but does not tolerate direct light. That is why it is advised to place the flower on window sills from the western and eastern sides.
On the north side, the plant will not bloom due to a clear deficit of the sun, and on the southern windowsill it will have to be constantly moved away from the window or obscured from light.
Irrigation
The frequency of watering should be appropriate to the ambient temperature. In the warm season, the plant must be watered every three days. It’s clear that it’s time, it’s possible to dry the soil a half centimeter from the top. It should always be slightly moistened - without drying out or excess moisture.
With the onset of the cold season, the intervals between watering should be increased to 6 days, it is necessary to irrigate only after the middle layer has dried. Maintain the quality of the soil will help stagnant water, acidified with apple cider vinegar in a ratio of 1 tsp. per liter capacity. It is used every third watering.
Air humidity
The main difficulty in the process of growing jasmine is to maintain an appropriate level of humidity. Moody flowers do not tolerate too dry air: in such conditions they are susceptible to diseases and attack by pests, due to which they cease to bloom and may die over time.
In the spring and summer, the bush is usually sprayed every other day with softened water, on hot days - twice a day. In the winter season, with air overheated from heating and elevated temperature, spray every three days. Supporting methods are:
- use of an air humidifier;
- installation of a stand with a wet moss or pebbles under a flowerpot;
- unfolding a damp cloth on the heating battery;
- accommodation near a pot with a flower of dishes filled with water.
Fertilizer
Jasmine needs to maintain an optimal soil condition. It should be loosened, drained, slightly acidified. Usually, a special mixture for roses or begonias is used for planting. In other types of soil add a third of the substrate for azaleas. All ready mixes already contain the necessary fertilizers and trace elements.
To create ideal conditions for growth and generous flowering from April to August (and sambac - until the end of flowering), jasmine is fed with universal liquid fertilizers intended for flowering plants. It is advisable to use alternately mineral and organic nutrients. And foliage that absorbs micronutrients perfectly, foliar spraying is very useful.
Transfer
After buying and adapting to the home environment, the flower is transplanted into a larger pot. In the first years, transplantation is carried out annually, and later - after two to three years. A new pot is taken a few centimeters more.
When transplanting, careful handling of the root system, which should not suffer from crowding, is of paramount importance. In this case, the roots are carefully straightened. An important factor is good drainage of the pot, otherwise excess moisture will cause decay of the root system.
Pruning
Crown formation has a positive effect on plant development. Favorable time for pruning is the end of the dormant period (February - March). Pruning helps to increase growth and increase flowering time.
It is important to take care of the complete elimination of dried and damaged shoots, leaves and preserved flowers. Shoots should be shortened by a third, in the case of patients - by half, eventually new young branches will appear.
Breeding
Indoor jasmine propagates in two ways: by cuttings and layering, seeds will not work.
- The first technique is considered quite painstaking and complex. It is carried out at the end of trimming. Remote shoots are placed in water, where they take root for a month, and then planted in the ground. To force the rooting of cuttings, oblique sections are kept in a growth stimulator.
- The method of propagation by layering is much simpler, it is applied in spring and summer mainly to climbing varieties. In this case, the branch is instilled into an additional container with soil and the necessary moisture level is maintained in it. After root formation (usually in autumn), the young shoot is carefully separated from the main process and planted in its own flowerpot.
Diseases and pests of the flower
Indoor jasmine can be attacked:
- aphids;
- tick;
- leaf weevil.
These insects feed on plant juice. As a result, the shrub becomes ill, stops flowering, drops leaves and can die if the cause of withering is not discovered in a timely manner and not eliminated. To prevent death, the flower is systematically examined.
Aphids are easy to detect: they nest on the upper shoots. Ticks are identified on the web on the underside of the leaf. The weevil lives in the soil, and the larvae consume the juice of the plant. Pest control is the use of special insecticides in accordance with the instructions attached to them.
Mr. Dachnik warns: The difficulty of growing jasmine
Failure to comply with the rules for the cultivation of jasmine can cause complications in its growth and flowering. After analyzing the changes in the conditions of the flower, you can find the causes of its malaise and eliminate them.
- Yellow, wrinkled foliage indicates dry air in the room and insufficient moisture.
- Leaf fall on a plant may begin due to a glut. Leaf health directly depends on the condition of the roots, which cannot stand the excess water and begin to rot.
- Inadequate light also negatively affects the growth of the plant. It begins to stretch up, deform, lose leaves.
The lack of flowering indicates the following deficiencies in the content:
- non-compliance with the necessary humidity;
- temperature differences;
- lack of nutrients;
- lack of lighting;
- pest attacks.
Indoor jasmine has become very popular not only for its decorative effect, but also for its wonderful aroma. Its flowers are used by traditional medicine, aromatherapy, perfumery. They make fragrant tea. Having correctly learned the recommendations and observing them, you can achieve the flowering of this wonderful flower at home.
