Indoor violet (Saintpaulia) - a genus of flowering plants widely represented in home floriculture, belongs to the Gesneriev family. Homeland - Uzambar mountains. The distribution area is regions of East Africa, with a humid and warm climate. Another name is African violet.
This flower was named Uzambara violet because of its resemblance to the real violu, but in fact it is far from these plants of the Violet family, growing in temperate climates.
Description of Saintpaulia
The genus is represented by stunted evergreen perennial herbaceous bushes.
They have an underdeveloped fibrous root system, fleshy stems, leaves tightly collected in a rosette at the roots. These are their common features, but otherwise the species are very diverse. Differ:
- Colors: shape - limbic (pansies), fantasy, classic star-shaped, chimeras; petals - simple (5 petals), scallop (in addition to 5 simple, there are additional underdeveloped ones), semi-double (7-8), double (more than 10), cloves (more than 10, but larger); solid, multicolor.
- Leaves: shape - rounded, oval, elongated, with smooth or serrated edges; color - from dark green to light green, plain and variegated.
- Outlet: micromini (diameter 8 cm), mini (12-15 cm), halfmini (less than 20 cm), standard (20 to 40 cm).
Types of Saintpaulia (African Violet)
Varieties are divided into types according to their distinctive characteristics:
Flower shape type Petal feature | Grade | Leaves | Flowers |
Pansies Five-petalled. Two smaller and three larger. | Lienz Pirates Treasure | Burgundy oval with bubble structure. | Bright pink, along the edge of a wide raspberry stripe similar to a fringe. |
| Cinderella dream | Dark green wavy. | Light purple with red-violet corrugated border. The upper petals are smaller and darker. | |
| Melody Kimi | Grassy in the form of a heart. | Simple white, the upper two petals are blue, the rest are slightly powdered with this color around the edge. | |
Star Identical, evenly spaced around the center. | Kev's Heavenly Star | Simple oval pointed. Green, with a red back. | Ordinary and semi-double pink, fuchsia edge. |
| The beauty queen | Swamp shade. | Terry, purple-violet. | |
| Magic of love | Saturated green. | Looks like large double terry beetroot pompons with a white border. | |
| Black Prince | Dark emerald with a red inside. | Burgundy large, resembling a peony. | |
| Rosemary | Dark jagged. | Corrugated pink with blue splashes. | |
| Marshmallows | Light green. | Looks like a dessert of the same name with pink strokes. | |
| Austins Smile | Dark oval. | Coral with raspberry edging. | |
Bell Fused at the base, do not fully open and become similar to the flowers of the same name. | Admiral | Heart-shaped with a purple border. | Cornflower blue wavy. |
| Shining bell | Green round. | Blue fantasy. | |
| Sea wolf | Fleshy dark. | Blue terry. | |
| Chanson | Glossy bottle color. | Velvety blue with purple strokes. | |
| Robs Dandy Lyon | Colors of grass with motley edging. | Cream and light green. Looks like a snowdrop. | |
Bowl Permanently retaining the form that gave the name to this type. | Boo Men | Saturated dark green elongated circle. | Baby blue, upper white. |
| Ming Dynasty | Wavy motley. | Snow-white corrugated with a pink or lilac border. | |
Wasp Separated. Two in the form of small tubes, three - hanging down elongated. | Lunar Lily White | Quilted light green. | White. |
| Zemfira | Grassy up and burgundy bottom, colorful center. | Lilac, like a fluttering skirt. | |
| Satellite | Separate separated. | Red-violet. |
The following popular types of indoor violet are represented by color scheme:
| Color type | Grade | Leaves | Flowers |
| Solid | Blue Theil Fly | Fleecy, folded into bags. | Blue. The shape of the petals refers to wasps. |
| Gillian | Rounded quilted green. | White, large, like cloves. | |
| Two-tone | Marie Sylvia | Oval, plain. | Light purple with darker edges. Simple. |
| Rum punch | Ash pink star type. Semi-terry and terry. | ||
Two and multicolor Differ in a rim more saturated to the main color. | Iceberg | Dark with a wavy edge. | Bluish with a contrasting blue corrugated strip. |
| Through the Looking Glass (Lukin Glass) | Grassy with a brown color. | Light pink semi-double, a thin thread of raspberry-fuchsian hue and white-green, running along the edge. |
The edges of the petals of various varieties of senpolia can be wavy, notched, fringed (limbic).
You can highlight several more original species that have their own characteristics:
| A type | Grade | Leaves | Flowers |
| Edge | Rose of Wind | Wavy solid color. | Pale pink, towards the edge the color thickens and at the ends it becomes raspberry, in some places with a green tint, very much like roses. |
| Natalis Estravagante | Variegated with light brown stains on the edges. | White and pink lace, the border is darker to chocolate. | |
| Beautiful creole | Green wavy on a burgundy stalk. | Simple dark blue velvety stars with a snow-white thin edging. | |
| Macho | Simple oval emerald with a small clove along the edge. | Maroon-purple star-shaped, framed by a light contrasting stripe. | |
| Modern Talking | Light green flat. | White pansies, border pink-violet with blue strokes. | |
| Finger color | Crimson Ice (Raspberry Ice) | Green with burgundy petioles. | Pinkish. On three petals, raspberry-red strokes. |
| Southern Springtime (Southern Spring) | White with chaotic spots of burgundy color from light to almost black tones. | ||
Chimeras They differ in stripes diverging from the center along the petals. | Chain reaction | Dark green with burgundy stems. | Pink with lilac ribbons coming from the center and interspersed with the same color. |
| Queen Sabrina | Purple with a large number of petals, a purple stripe stands out in each middle. | ||
Fantasy Coloring with strokes and dots of different colors. | Chimpanzee | Wavy emerald. | Pink with a white wavy edge and blue splashes. |
| Liv Waye | Green simple. | Coral stars with randomly scattered blue-violet strokes. | |
| Ampelic | Ramblin Dots | Jagged colors of young grass. | Star lavender with light purple fantasy patterns. |
| Folin snow | Small, pointed emerald, simple. | Numerous small snow-white, wasp-shaped. | |
| Variegated | Pauline Viardot | Light pink edges of various widths. | Semi-terry wine color with a white border. |
Tips for choosing a room violet and its adaptation
When buying a senpolia, you must adhere to the following recommendations:
- The plant must be grown in a local climate, no more than a year old.
- The stalk is elastic, sheets of saturated color, without yellowing and traces of falling.
- The symmetry and density of the outlet is important.
- The soil without whitish deposits.
For better acclimatization, plants in the apartment follow the rules:
- It is treated with fungicide (Maxim). Spray, leave for 20 minutes and then gently wash with a damp sponge. The substrate is watered with an insecticide (Actara).
- They place it in a place remote from other plants for half a month. The best location is an empty aquarium, which is covered with a transparent material (glass, film). Wipe up condensate daily.
- After quarantine, transplant the plant.
Senpolia care at home
Almost all varieties of Saintpaulia require the same conditions of detention, with the exception of fantasy violets and chimeras.
Planting and growing them is quite complicated.
| Factor | Vegetation period | Winter |
| Location / Lighting | West or east window. For a more even distribution of light, the flower is constantly rotated, additional illumination is used. Cold drafts and direct sunlight are unacceptable. | |
| Temperature | + 20 ... +22 ° C, do not allow drops. | Not lower than +15 ° C. |
| Humidity | Not less than 50%. To maintain, they are sprayed with fine spray, placed in a tray with wet pebbles or placed with other colors. | 50 %. |
| Watering | After the soil dries from above, it should be moist, but without stagnation of water. | Limit. |
| Apply filtered water at room temperature, carefully not falling on the leaves. | ||
| Top dressing | Once every 2 weeks with complex mineral fertilizers. | Do not use. |
| The soil | Senpoly soil or composition: leaf, sod, coniferous and peat land (3: 2: 1: 1), add vermiculite, perlite, coarse river sand and chopped moss (1). | |
| Pot | They take 3 times less violets, since the roots of the plant are small and a lot of soil is not needed. | |
| Transfer | As a rule, produce every 3 years. The flower has a sensitive root system, so it is often not recommended to disturb it. | |
Flowering stimulation
With insufficiently good care, the violet does not bloom, this happens in the case of:
- low light;
- lack of nutrition;
improper watering; - dense soil;
- a large pot;
- infection by diseases or pests.
To stimulate the plant, it is necessary to eliminate all errors: transplant into a closer container, change the substrate, feed, treat with fungicide and insecticide.
Propagation of room senpolia
Propagate the violet in three ways: by cuttings, leaf and seeds.
Seeds
The most painstaking process, but allows you to get a lot of plants:
- Take a wide low container with loose soil, moisturize.
- Seeds are distributed on the surface without seeding.
- A film or white paper is pulled over the container.
- Placed at + 17 ... +21 ° C, periodically removing the shelter.
- After half a month, when the first true sheets appear, they dive into a tall container, cover with glass.
- When the plants grow, they are planted in separate pots.
Sheet
Easy option. Leaf propagation step by step:
- In the middle row, a leaf with a 5 cm petiole is cut.
- Rooting is done in water and soil.
- A leaf cutleon takes root quickly. 3-4 seedlings are obtained from one.
Water
Petiole with a leaf is lowered into a container of water. To prevent their decay, activated carbon is dissolved there. Periodically, the fluid is changed. When root buds appear (from 2 weeks to 1.5 months - depending on the variety), they are transplanted into the ground.
Advantages: You can monitor the process and proceed to the next steps in time (a transparent container is needed).
Priming
The sheet is placed immediately in the soil. Advantages: It takes less time, since the plant does not need to adapt to different conditions (water, then soil).
Cuttings
This method involves propagation by daughter sockets that grow in the axils of the leaves. From them, the bush becomes unsightly and, as a rule, they are removed. But if you pinch the top on them, sheets are formed, then the process is carefully cut off and placed in the ground.
Regardless of the method, a pot with a growing handle is covered with polyethylene with holes and certain conditions are created:
- humidity - 50%;
- temperature - + 22 ... +25 ° C;
- daylight hours - at least 12 hours (without direct sun);
- loose substrate with good air exchange;
- watering with filtered warm water as the soil dries.
Typical Diseases and Pests for Uzambara Violet
In case of any violations in care, the senpolia is exposed to various diseases and attacks of harmful insects.
| Manifestation | Cause | Remedial measures |
| Rotting parts of a plant, leaf fall. | Fusarium | Remove damaged parts. They are treated with Fundazol. |
| White plaque, yellow leaves. | Powdery mildew | Use Benlat, if the manifestations remain after two weeks, the procedure is repeated. |
| Rotting of the neck of the roots, browning of the leaves. | Late blight | The plant is destroyed. |
| The appearance of a fluffy brown coating. | Gray rot | Remove the diseased areas. Spray with Fitosporin or another fungicidal drug. |
| Red formations on foliage with spores. | Rust | Use Bordeaux liquid and sulfur dust. |
| The death of the leaves. | Vascular bacteriosis | Processed with Zircon, Fundazol. |
| The appearance of cobwebs, drilling and deformation of foliage. | Spider mite | Spray with acaricides (Actellic). |
| Stickiness. | Shield | Use agravertine |
| Browning of foliage, holes in flowers, death of stamens. | Thrips | Break off the diseased parts. They are treated with insecticides (Inta-Vir). |
| Finding worms on a swollen root system, pale smears and leaf rot. | Nematodes | Remove lesions. After processing, transplanted. Spray with Nematicide Vidat. |
| Deformation of foliage and flowers, their wilting, stickiness. | Aphid | It is treated with soapy water if the problem remains Mospilan, Actellik. |
| Sour smells, the formation of white lumps on the roots. | Root worm | Transplanted. Use Actara for processing. |
| Rotting of individual areas, the appearance of flying insects. | Cats and mosquitoes | Spray the soil with Karbofos. |
| Manifestations of a brilliant black coating, lightening of foliage, suspension in growth. | Whitefly | Use insecticides and acaricides (Actellik, Actara). |
When treatment is started on time, normalization of care regimens, and preventive maintenance are carried out, the recurrence of problems will be minimal.
Mr. Summer Resident informs: violet senpolia - vampire flower
The plant draws energy from people in a dream. It can not be kept in the bedroom, otherwise a headache and malaise are guaranteed. But there is a simple explanation for this. Like all flowers in the daytime, it produces oxygen, and at night it absorbs it producing carbon dioxide.
But violet can bring benefits, it repels harmful insects (cockroaches, ants). Therefore, the best location for her is the kitchen.
